Generative AI tools like ChatGPT, Copilot, and Gemini have become indispensable because they save us time, assist with research, and boost productivity.
However, if we rely solely on them, we risk losing precisely the skills that are most valuable. According to the World Economic Forum’s Future of Jobs Report 2025, the most sought-after skills by 2030 will be the human skills that AI cannot replace. Yet, studies show that excessive AI use diminishes our cognitive capacity.
Only solid personal knowledge allows us to assess whether an AI suggestion is accurate, relevant, or the best option. They do not make us experts.
Cognitive debt: The price of dependency
Research indicates that excessive dependency can reduce our cognitive capacity and detract from our ability for deep understanding.
- MIT research (June 2025) shows that ChatGPT users exhibit reduced brain activity in regions for focus and creative thinking, leading to “cognitive debt” – a cognitive deficit that hinders independent thought.
- A study published in PMC (2025) finds that generative AI reduces cognitive capacity by about 20–30% in certain tasks, carrying the risk of cognitive atrophy.
- Previous studies (2023–2024) from Wiley and ScienceDirect confirm an impact on memory, deep learning, and critical thinking.
In North Macedonia, PISA 2022 (OECD) showed that our 15-year-olds have average results below 400 points in mathematics, reading, and science—among the weakest in Europe. When we add uncontrolled AI usage to this foundation, we risk further reducing the ability for independent assessment.
Counterproductive budget cuts
In times of economic crisis, the challenges are greater. Many companies are cutting training budgets—globally, about 14% of organizations have reduced spending on Learning & Development (L&D). Such policies are counterproductive in the long run, as investment in knowledge remains the safest bet during difficult times.
The most In-demand skills by 2030
According to the World Economic Forum, the most sought-after skills by 2030 will be the human skills that AI cannot replace:
- Analytical thinking (69% of employers)
- Resilience, flexibility, and agility (67%)
- Leadership and social influence (61%)
- Creative thinking and innovation
- Empathy, active listening, and ethical behavior
Ethics, Law, and Financial Risks (Fines up to 35 Million Euros)
Without deep personal knowledge and clear ethical frameworks, it is easy for biased decisions in selection, misuse of personal data, and reduced transparency to occur.
This is especially important for companies operating with the EU:
- GDPR (2018): Personal data is subject to strict protection. Automated profiling and decision-making (Article 22) are prohibited without explicit consent and must include human intervention. Fines are up to 20 million euros or 4% of global turnover.
- EU AI Act (entering into force 2024–2027): HR tools using generative AI are classified as “High-Risk AI systems.” This mandates assessment of impact on fundamental rights, transparency, and human oversight. Fines are up to 35 million euros or 7% of global turnover.
That is why leading companies are already introducing “AI Ethics Policies” and training for responsible use.
Three practical steps for competence in the AI era
AI is an excellent assistant, but the real value lies in our ability to ask: “Is this accurate, fair, ethically sound, and legally compliant?”
How can we use AI without falling into cognitive debt?
- The principle of “Human Validation” (Human Oversight): Never accept an AI suggestion without a double-check. When AI offers a solution or text, spend 5 minutes researching the main sources or logical steps. Your brain is the final filter.
- Intentional Non-Use (The ‘Analog Hour’): Set aside time or tasks where you deliberately turn off AI. Solve problems or write a first draft without assistance. This activates deep learning and improves memory.
- Learning the Regulation: Actively study the core principles of GDPR and the EU AI Act. Remember: the organization (not the AI) is responsible for every error.
Only through continuous learning and critical thinking can we use these tools effectively—without becoming dependent on them. Investment in knowledge, ethics, and compliance remains the safest. It is the key to true competence—in work and in life.
Yours,
Natasha Aleksovska
Vivendum Ratio Solutions
